The Savings Game: Mistakes to avoid with health savings accounts
Health savings accounts have many advantages, but you could expose yourself to potential penalties if you are not careful.
Health savings accounts (HSAs) are personal investment accounts from which people can pay for qualified medical and dental expenses on a pretax basis. If you make a withdrawal for expenses that are not “qualified,” you may be subject to a penalty of up to 20%. Qualified medical expenses are defined in IRS Publication 502.
One of the advantages of HSAs is that you can name your spouse as the beneficiary. This allows a surviving spouse to continue to use withdrawals for qualified medical expenses without incurring penalties. As long as the beneficiary is a spouse, the earnings of the investments in the account will continue to be tax-deferred. A surviving spouse can use the HSA with any type of healthcare plan. If they have an HSA eligible insurance plan, they can continue to make contributions to the plan.
If you name someone other than a spouse as the beneficiary, then the individual who inherits the account will immediately be subject to income taxes on the balance of the account. The account then is no longer an HSA. Since any beneficiary other than a spouse will be immediately subject to income tax, you may want to consider the tax bracket of any potential beneficiaries.